A Study on the Effects of Specialized Swimming Training on Muscular Fitness and Explosive Power in College Students

Abstract

As a whole-body exercise conducted in an aquatic medium, swimming exerts profound influences on muscular function through its unique biomechanical and physiological characteristics. This study aims to systematically elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimized pathways by which specialized swimming training affects muscular fitness and explosive power in college students. The research first analyzes the biomechanical mechanisms of swimming, its mixed energy metabolism characteristics, and the non-linear resistance loading imposed by the aquatic environment, thereby clarifying the scientific basis for the periodized regulation of training loads. Subsequently, it delves into the multi-faceted biological effects of swimming training on enhancing muscular fitness-including muscle strength, endurance, and power-as well as sport-specific explosive power, through pathways such as remodeling of muscular morphology, metabolic functional adaptations, optimization of neural drive, and synergistic force transmission. Finally, based on the training effects, the study proposes systematic optimization directions, which include precise regulation of aquatic training variables, integrated land-water training models, and dynamic assessment and prediction of muscular function, with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for improving the specificity and scientific rigor of specialized physical training for college swimmers.