Governance Dilemmas and Optimization Paths of Artificial Intelligence in Risk Early Warning for Emergencies

Abstract

With the development of the risk society and the digital society, emergencies have begun to show new characteristics; they have hidden origins, are evolving at a high speed, have cross-domain impacts, and are multi-hazardous. The old way of experience-based and hierarchical early warning is no longer in line with the demands of modern emergency governance. AI can gather all kinds of data, analyse and forecast this data, issue early warnings of risks, and help people avoid problems in time. There are also problems in the implementation of governance, such as late institutional support, uneven data governance, weak supervision of algorithms, poor coordination among all parties, and a structural conflict between the logic of technology and the logic of governance. Systematically organise the application mechanism of artificial intelligence in risk early warning for emergencies, theoretically analyze the practical dilemmas in the four areas of institutions, data, algorithms and coordination based on this, put forward optimisation paths such as legalisation, standardisation, collaboration and human-centredness, and hope to provide theoretical support and practical reference for strengthening the intelligent early warning ability of emergencies, improving the risk pre-control system, and promoting the modernisation of China's national emergency management system and capacity.